THE REFUSAL CASE

When a California DUI suspect refuses to take aassume that by submitting to the preliminary alcohol
chemical test, both the DUI defendant and thescreening (PAS) test, that they have satisfied their
prosecution are presented with challenges andobligation to give a chemical test. In some cases, under
opportunities.the right facts, this can be a winning argument.
California has a law called the informed consent law ofHowever, in most cases, the refusal will still be
chemical testing. What this means is that when youcharged.
got your drivers license, you agreed (although youProsecutors and judges can be very hostile towards a
probably did not realize it at the time) that in exchangeDUI defendant who has refused a chemical test. This
for the state giving you your drivers license, youhostility can be expressed in increased jail time and
agreed to submit to a chemical test. This law meansextended alcohol education programs.
that the state does not need a warrant or other courtIf the DUI defendant decides to go to trial and is found
order to have you submit to a chemical test.innocent of the charge of driving while intoxicated, than
If a DUI suspect is arrested and after arrest is giventhe defendant can't be found guilty of refusing a
the opportunity to take a chemical test such as achemical test.
breath, blood, or urine test, and refuses to take anyDuring the trial, the Jury will be given an instruction that
chemical test, the DUI suspect will be charged with anthe act of the DUI defendant refusing to take a
additional crime of refusing a chemical test.chemical test is evidence that the DUI defendant was
The DUI suspect who refuses to take a chemical testconscious of his own guilt of the charge of DUI. In
gains some advantages by refusing. The prosecutionsome cases and before some jurors, this can pose a
does not have a blood level number to rely upon andsignificant challenge.
has the more difficult job of proving impairment asGiven the challenges and risks to both the prosecution
defined in California's jury instructions. However, this isand defense, many refusal cases are settled with
of limited value.some charge to the defendant. In cases where the
Many DUI defendants are charged with refusalfacts on impairment have been favorable or there
because at the time they were asked to take ahave been other defects in the prosecution's case, I
chemical test, the DUI defendant believed that theyhave been able to obtain reductions to wet and dry
had the right to speak to a lawyer. While this may bereckless with a dismissal of the refusal allegation.
the law in some states, it is not the law in California.It should be emphasized that persons under the age of
This mistaken belief has lead to many refusal cases.21 face very severe penalties for refusing a breath
In many DUI cases, the defendant agrees to take thetest.
voluntary field sobriety tests while refusing to take theThis article is not meant to advise anyone to refuse to
mandatory chemical test. What this means is that insubmit to a chemical test. I advise almost everyone
many refusal cases, the prosecutor still has evidencethat it is in their interests to submit to a chemical test.
of impairment through the officer's testimony about theThis article is also not a warranty of a result in your
DUI suspects performance on the field sobriety tests.case. All cases are different.
Another common error DUI defendants make is to